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BOOKMAN BILINGUAL 雙語書林: Chinglish or Natural English? 中式英語或道地英語?

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ˇ It’s not advisable to leave a sick child all alone at home.

χ It’s not advisable to leave an ill child all alone at home.

Photo: AdobeStock l 照片:AdobeStock

註︰ill 和 sick 都可用作補語形容詞,例如:

〔英語〕I have been ill/unwell for two weeks.

〔美語〕I have been sick for two weeks.

Photo: AdobeStock l 照片:AdobeStock

但作為修飾形容詞置於名詞之前時,英美都用 sick,不用 ill,如 a sick man /woman, a sick child 等。

2. 昨天整天都在下大雨。

ˇ Heavy rain fell all day long yesterday.

ˇ There was heavy rain all day long yesterday.

χ A great rain fell all day long yesterday.

註︰中文裡的「大」,不一定對應英語中的 big 或 great,試對照下列中英文:

大風:a strong / heavy wind、大雪:a heavy snow

3. 許多夜晚他餓著肚子去睡覺。

ˇ Many nights, he went to bed with an empty stomach.

χ Many nights, he went to bed with a hungry stomach.

註︰中文「餓著肚子」,在英語中是「空著肚子」,應用 an empty stomach。

4. 學好鋼琴不容易。

ˇ It is not easy to master the piano.

ˇ It is difficult/hard to master the piano.

χ It is uneasy to master the piano.

註︰easy 作「容易」解時,它的反義詞是 hard 或 difficult;easy 作「安心」、「舒適」等解時,它的反義詞是 uneasy。例如:

It is an easy chair.

He leads an easy life.

He feels uneasy about the result of the examination.

(他擔心自己的考試成績。)

5. 這個座位有人坐嗎?

ˇ Is this seat taken/available?

χ Is this seat empty?

註︰empty 是 full 的反義詞,如 an empty box, an empty bottle, an empty pot, an empty cup。available 指「未被佔用/可以使用」之意。試比較下列句子:

available 指未被佔用//可以使用:

We must find a room available for the meeting.

empty 指空無一物:

The empty room looks especially large.

Exercises

A. 大雨後河水淹沒街道。

The river flooded the streets after a __________ rain.

1. great

2. grave

3. serious

4. heavy

B. 這個座位空著嗎?

Is this seat __________ ?

1. hollow

2. taken

3. empty

4. devoid

Answers: A. 4 B. 2

文章由書林出版公司提供:

www.bookman.com.tw

蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》,《英語的對與錯》,《世紀病毒:必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員;研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯,從事植物與人文導覽數十年,亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。

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